Switch.



G. W. HART.

swrrcn.' APPLICATION FILED 110V. 3. 1907.

Ptend Apr. 13, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. W. HART.

SWITCH. APPLICATION FILED NGV. 2. 1530/'. 917,760, Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@vit/1 woo/w @MMM/bo z COPY 4rnviT-nn sra-:rus PATENT onirica.Y

.GERALD W. HART, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTlCU-ILAASSIGNOR 'lO THE-HQT MANU.- FACTURING COMPANY, OF HARTFORD,CONNECTICUT; A CORPORATIO OFNEW JERSEY.

SWITCH.

Specification of Lettersglatent.

Patented Aprilia, ie'oe.

pplcation led November 2, 1907. vSerial No. 400,318.

T all whom 'it may concern.:

iov

` to its normal position and t ien vbe released, so as to brealg the circuit with a quick action. My invention further has for its object to i5v produce the combinationl of anelectrically Be it known that i, GERALD W. HART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, Hartford county, State of Connectiactuated main circuit switch yand a pilot switch controlling tivo inde endent 'circuits for-actuating the main circuit'fs'a-'itch provided with means for automatically interrupting either of said-circuits, when .enerized at two se iarate' points bv inde )endent g f l means.

IHy invention also has for its object to provide a pilot sWit-cl'i'and a inain switch, such that the main switch controlselectrically the detent of the pilot switch.

The following is a descrip-tion of apparatus embodying my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is aside elevation of the forward portion of a two-circuit switch embodyingV 'ni'y invention, certain parts being omitted;

Fig. 2 'is an end elevation of the saine; Fig. 3

is a plan View of the complete switch; Figs. 4

and 5- are, respectively, a plan vie-v and a side elevation' of detail; Fig. .6 is a sectional detail on line 2;.-x of Pig. 2,; Fig.' '7 is an arrangement of circuits of the structure used to control a single circuit; and 8 is-a diagramsliowing the combination of the tufocircuit controlling switch, used as a pilot switch, wit-lian electrically actuated main circuit switch.

Referring more particularly to the dran'- ing's, A is a push-button pivote-d to an actuatin member, consisting of a rocking lever a--standard C.

B, vvliich in t'urn is movably mounted upon Tlie'tstand ard C has a lateral projectionl) which carries .a pin E and the rocking lever B carriesga-.lpiii F, Which isv embraced by the endsI netic material and G, the resultbeying that the spring G' tends to return the rocking'lever B to a horizontal sition. Whenever 1t isin'oved therefrom.

he rocking lever B'lias an upward projection B carrying a"'pin` -H, which engages with a projection I, 'preferably formed integral with a magnetic armature J. This magnetic'arniature isrigidly connected to a hub which 'carries a' pin J" to which the spring K is attached, normally tendin,D to restore the armature J; to its initial position whenever lit is "moved, downwardlycutof that position'. A armature .J is limited bythe engagement of the projection L, rigidly connected thereto,

The v return movement of the with the pin L" carried -by the standard C.

The hub which is'connected tothe armature J 'carries an'arin 'M Which, at its lower extremity is provided with a 'contact-making surface M', which contact-making surface, whenl the hub is rotated, is brought into engagement with the contact v'terminal'M2, to which is connected one'end of thecircuit to be directly. controlled'l by the. switch. The standard() is preferably made of inafforms'a core for a v'coil This core has an extension C', which comes up outside of the coil'fand into the path of the armature J., TheWindingi of thecoi]` is connected at one end'to the frame: of' the switch and atthe A'other 'end `to the other terminal of the circuit. The 'end' Wliichis connected tothe frame ofthe switch is also device P, which is insulated from the other metallic partsof thesivitch, andwith which' the surface P which is" carried bv the rockin lever B and isnot Ainsulated from the ot ier parts of the switch, makes. Contact. The electrical connectionbetween the contact P and the terminals 'of the4 circuit is shown inFig. 7 at' P2, and'ivhen the vContact P is'in engagement, With the contact l), establishes a shunt around the coil O. .The projection C of the core C is provided with a non-magnetic facing C2 to prevent the adhering of the arrnaturedv to the projection C', when the current has. ceased to flow through'the coil O;

The operation of .soinu'ch of the sti-itch as has now been described, ;is as follcwsz 5 downward 60 The action of the rocking lever B turns and the pin H, engage ing with the projection I, compels the'arrna-v ture J, togetherwith the contact M', to move about its axis until engagement ,is

5 made between the contact surfaces M and M2, and the 4armature J is inA proximity to the projection C.. As soon as the engagement between the contact' surfaces M and M2. takes place, a current iioWs through the coil 0,. energizing the core C-C which,

together with the coil O, 'constitute a magnetic detent for the movable switch memberlof which the contact M forms a i art.Y The contact surfaces M-M2- will be t us' forced. 15 together and held in enga ement as .soon as the coil O is energized. ponQ-thej release of the push-button,- however, "it-, together withthe rocking .lever B, lis retracted into its initial position by the spring-G. Asth'ey 2 0 return .to their initial posltions, the projection P carried by the lever Bmakes engagement with the contact P and thus'co'mpletes the short-circuit around the 'coil -O and its core, thereby releasingthe armature J and permitting the switch member, carryin the contact M', to fly back with a quick s arp movement under the influence of the .s ring K, producing -a sudden breaking o the circuit.

v The circuitconnections for the parts above described, together with the diagrammatic representation of the switch, are. shown in Fig. 7 and will be readily understood, the

letters used in Fig.. 7 referring to parts cor# responding to those to which simi are applied in the other figures of this sheet. The parts above' constitute in and of themselves, a complete switch embodying my invention -for use in controlling a single 40 circuit.

In the plan view, I have shown in Fig. a secondvpush-button connection a at the lettL hand end of the rocking lever B. A rear- 'fwardl 1 extending pin 4h is in line lwith Athe- Hland engages a projection@ connected. to la magnetic armature 7', which 1s connected.

through'a hub to. a contact bearing arm m, carrying a contact m which engages with a part being ldentlcand 5, and heretofore described in connec'- tion with the apparatusl of Figs. 1 and.2. The core C carries 'a rearwardly projecting pin corresponding to L', with which the rejection corresponding to L T e coreC'is lrovidedwithV a engages. t

rojection c, havmg a nonsecond lateral magnetic covering c. to prevent the adhering- -ofl the armature j to the core.

switchis recisely t e same asthatp'n the Afront of -t ev switch, except that when-the Y lefthand -end of the rockmg lever B 1s depressed bythe action of its push-button, the

a'r letters arts on the rear of theA .right-hand end of the lever carrying the contact P lsmoved upward instead of downward and a contact'is made between P and P on the downward movement of the latter,

'instead of on the upward movement of the' latter. v. 1

`-When this'- switch is used for controlling two circuits, the terminals M--mz are cori'- nected in the two independent circuits'. A

common returnis connected to the free ternnnal'ofthe coil O. l/Vhenever-either pushbutton-1s depressed one of these circuits is completed' at the s w'itch,' and that circuit is consisting ottherocking leverB, vreturns to normal position, at whichVA time contact is held complete until the actuating means,

vmade between the-terminals P and contact surface P', and the coil O short-circuited.

y" In Fig. 8 thefforegoin switch is shown.

combined as a pilot switc witha magnetically,y actuated switch which automaticallyA breaks its actuating circuit,the-same reference lletters being applied. to' 'parts `corresponding to'those shown fin the preceding figures. -Inthis combination' very'important resultsare attained, inasmuch as .the actuating circuit isfalways automatically broken at the pilot [switch and also atV the main' switch.

-- The magnetically o erated -switch here shown, 'is shown and. ascribed in detail 'in the. patent to Hewlett, No. 603,786, Vdated May 10., 1898.' In this combination not 'only is the advantagepresent ofhaving the actuating. circuit automaticall broken both at the mainswitchandQ-at r e' pilot switch, but inasmuch as that circuit 1s broken'at, the

main switch it insures-.the-(lpening of the pilot switch, even though 4s cient contact `is not made between thecontacts'Pand'P,

to short-circuit the. coil 0,'.o'r ifthose contacts P. and P' are removed." This is brought about by the fact that as-soon as the, main s witch'is thrown 4so that the Work'which was intended'to. be done by the-closing of the pilot switch is. accomplished, the circuit,

-through the coil O, "is interrupted,by the main switch itself andthe coil O is thereby denergized so that the magnetic detent releases the larmature of the ilot switch.

Referring lbriefly in detal to Fig.4 8, 1-2 are main conductors leading from t-he source 3. 4-5 are branch conductors 'connected to switch terminals -6.- 7. 8-9 are'conductors.

'leading to the work-circuit connected to switch terminals 10*11. 12-'1 3 are switch arms carried by the late 1 4, controlled by toggle-joint 15, .whicl is actuated bythe solenoid cores 16-16. 17-18arethe solenoid windings, the'irst of which has 'one ter- 'fininal connected tothe main 1,' .wliile the second has a terminal connected tothe main- 2'. if Their other l. .ternninals are connected to,l

carried by the plato 14, which, as the plate V which was used to actuate the main switch, 1s moved to and fro b 'v the toggle so as to is broken attwo points, and in both cases the move the arms 12-1S, makes and breaks engagement with the contacts 19--20- This contact-making device 21 is connected` to a circuit 22, which in turn is connected to one terminal of the coilO. In the pilot switch, the terminal M2 is connected to the conductor 1, and the lterminal 'm2 is connected t'o the conductor 2, wherebyv whenthe lefthand push-button is depressed, a circuit is made through the coil 17.when the main switch is closed; and when the right-hand push-button is depressed., the circuit is made through the coil 18.

The operation is as follows: lWhen the main switch is closed, asv shown, its coil 17 which has one terminal connected directl)v to the main 1, has its other end connected to the terminal m, through the following path, viz: terminals 19-21, 4conductor 22, coil .0 and switch arm m. l' rhen the push-button a is depressed, the terminal m isbrougght into engagement with the terminal m2, and thus electrically connected to the main 2 rlihis energizes the coil 17 and draws the solenoid core to the left, resulting inthe withdrawal of the switch arms 12 and 13 from the contacts 7 1() and 11-6, The movement of the plate 14 breaks ,the engagement between the contacts 19 and 21, and brings the contact 21 into engagement with the contact 20, thus connecting one terminal of the coil 18 with the coil O of the pilot switch, the other terminal of the coil 18 being connected with the main 2'. When the rocking lever B, which was moved upon the downward movement of the push-button a, returns to its normal position, the arm is retained in depressed position by the. magnet-ic detent, of which thev coil O and the core c form parts. Upon the return of the rocking lever B to its ormal position, the contact P makes en- ,.agement with the spring contact P, short- (irc-uiting the coil O and therebv releasing the magnetic detent and permitting,` the arm j to return to its normal position,` and the contact m to leave the contact The coil '0,

'in addition to being short-circuited, as justdescrihed, has its circuit interrupted bv the separation ot the terminals 19 and 21 at the main switch, so that it a short-circuit around the coil O is not formed, for an \v reason, the

magnetic detent will be released bv reason ot the breaking of its circuit at the termina-ls 19 and 2l.

Vfhen the switch is open and the pushbutton A depressed, a similar operationta. res

place, the dil'ference being that in this case the switch arms 12 and 123 are brought into' so as topernnt coil O is denergized by reason ot a shunt circuit completed on the return movement ol' the rockingv lever and also has one terminal disconnected from the source by the movement of the contact 21 oi the main switch; The double break in an energized circuit and the t-wo means ot deenergizing the coil O greatly reduce the liability of any such derangement as would permit the flow, during an abnormal period, 'ot a current through either oi the actuating circuits, lsince inorder that such a circuit shouldl be maintained7 both the main switch and the pilot switch have to be out of working condition at' the same time. I v Tarious meansv can be employed to cause the switch to cease to he restrained by the magnetic detent. I prefer to malte this mai,- netic detent an electro-magnetic detent and to short` circuit it when the switch arm is to be released, but my invention, broadly considered is not limited to either ot these preferred details. f

- What I vclaim is- 1. The combination of a circuit, a switch for opening and closing, the same normally tendingl to return to' open position,`an independently movable actuating member therefor, an e'lectron'iagneticallv controlled detent having,r an energized coil located in said circuit and adapted when energized to restrain said switch. and hold it closed, and means mechanically connected tov said actuating member for short-circuiting said coil and therebyv denergizing` it, and releasing said switch. v

2. The combination of a switch normallyv tendine; to return to open position, circuit controlled thereby, an electromaqneticallv controlled detent hav-ing an entirer/xine; coil located said circuit and adapted when energized to restrain said switch and hold it closed, an actuation; member lr `ving' movement independent of the movable member of said switch and tending to returnto-its inij tial position, a shunt around said coil completed by said actuatingT member on its return movement, so as to short-circuit said coil and release said movable switch member te switch to-open.

3. The combination ot a switch.normally tendine` to return to open position, lan electromacjneticallv controlled detcnt having' :in energizingTv coil located in the 'circnitcon-- trolled b v said switch and adapted when' en- 'eregi'fzed to rostrainsaid switch and hoh'ii closed, an act-iatingr member having' a more ment ii'idcpendoot ot the movable men!y -er or said'switch and tendingio return to its initial `position, :i local shunt around said coil adapted to bc completed by the return movement of said actuating member so as to shortlio circuit `said coil' and release said movableswitch member so las to permit the vswitch to 4. The combination: of-a stationary contact, a movable Contact, a spring. normally tending to' separatesaidcontacts, an electro-l magnetic d'ctent having' an energizing coil in series with said contacts and," when energized, holding saidcontacts. in engagement, anactu'ating membervv having 'a movement independent ofsaid. movable contact, a' .spring normally tending to return said actuating' member to its initial position, anda shunt around'said coilwhich is closed by said actuating member on its return movement.

5. In combination, -two contacts located i'espectivelyin independent circuits, means for engaging said contacts and thereby completing said circuits, mechanism for actuating said means so as to complete said circuits. at diflerent times only, detaining means temporarily restraining said circuit-completing incans, when in circuit-completing position,

said detaining means 'being controlled by normal open position, an electromagnetically controlled detenthaving an energizing coil in series with the several' circuits controlled by said circuit inaking-and-breaking devices and acting, when energized, toma-intain the circuit completed by any one of said circuit mal-:ing-and-breaking devices, an actuating device having a movement independent of said making-and-breaking devices, and normally tending return to its initial position, and a shunt around said coilwhicli is completed by said actuating device upon its return movement.

7. The combination of two stationary contacts connected respectively to independent circuits, two `independently movable contac-ts adapted to engage respectively one of said stationary contacts, means tending to normally return said movable contacts to fopen position, an electro-magnetic detent having an energizing coil in series with both otsaid movable contacts and the circuits controlled thereby, and energized whenever one of said movable contacts is broughtintol engagement with its corresponding stationary contact and when so energizedto main-- .tain such engagement, an actuating device 'for 4both ol said movable contacts, having ce 4an independent movementrelatively thereto and normally7 tending to returnto its initial position, and a short-circuit around said coil which is completed on the return in. ve.uient of said actuating device to its initial position.

said actuating mechanism so aste release.

8. The'combination 'of a 'main A circuitswitch, -two actuating circuits therefor, means for causing said main switch t'o automatic-ally open either one of4 said circuits whenever. actuated thereby and to close the other, a pilot switch having actuating means and adapte`d,.when actuated, to electrically connect, vat. different times only, contacts located 'respectively in said two circuits, and means for causing said pilot switch to aiutomatically disconnect, with a quick movement,- the contacts in either circuit after electric circuit has been completed at them and independently of the rate of movement of said actuating means. i

9. The combination of la main switch, two actuating circuits therefor, means'forcausing said main switchr to automatically open either oneof said circuits when actuated thereby andito close the other, apilot'switch vhaving actuating means and adapted, when.' actuated, to electrically connect, at diiierent ltimes only, contacts located respectively in said two circuits, an electromagnetic detent for temporarily maintaining said electrical circuit when made. at said contacts, said detent having an energizing coil and a shunt circuit about said coil, said shunt circuit being iliade and broken by said actuating means.

l1. The combination of nia-in circuit conlductors, a main switch controlling the circuit through the same, two actuating circuits theretor adapted to be connected to said main circuit' conductors,` means for 'ausing said main switch'to automatically open either onev of said circuits when actuated thereby and to close .the other,l a pilot switch having actuating means and adapted, when actuated, to electrically connect, 'at

different times only, contacts vlocated 're.

ing said electrical 'circuit when made at. said .contacts and in series therewith, said detent being released'by the opening of vthe energized actuating circuit at the main switch,l

said detent having an energizing coil in. se-

'riesjffwith said means for 'causing said main switch to open said actuating circuits.

12. In a switch, the combination of e. eiri ber and Spring for reieesiag seid swte'. memcuit, a switch member foropening and closing the seme, en actuating member for seid swith member, e. spring tending to return thesame to normal position, e magnetic detent" restraining said switch member, and IIie'alfs aetueted through said actuating mem- 'Letters Patent Ne; `917 ber from seid magnetic detent.

W. -fii.

Witnesses: v

N. BROWNELL, LANGDON MOORE.

1t is hereby eertied that in Letters Patent ei7,?60, April 13, E09, i upon the application of Gereld W. Hart, of Hartford, Connecticut, for mips-ove v in Switches, en verror appears in the printed epeeiieetien requiring correction, as folowe:` In line 96, page 8, the Word energized should read energizing; and that lthe said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the seme may `Aoo riform to theree'ord of the ease in the Patent Oice.

I p' ASignediemd settled this 4th day of Mey, A. D., 1909.

." f [SEAL] C. C. BLLLINGS,

Acting Commiesz'oner of Patents. ca' l 

